Introductory Psychology CLEP Prep Practice Exam

What is the foundation of modern psychology?

1. Neuroscience

2. Behaviorism

3. Structuralism

4. Psychoanalysis

The correct answer is: Behaviorism

Behaviorism is considered the foundation of modern psychology because it focuses on observable behavior and emphasizes the scientific approach to studying human behavior. Neuroscience, while an important part of modern psychology, only emerged as a field in the late 20th century and does not encompass the entire foundation of psychology. Structuralism and psychoanalysis were influential schools of thought in psychology, but have been largely replaced by newer theoretical perspectives. Therefore, behaviorism is the most appropriate choice as the foundation of modern psychology.